Salmon fishing in the South of Scotland is both a privilege and a responsibility. Our rivers are world-renowned, and their future depends on the care anglers take today. By fishing safely, following the law, and treating fish and the environment with respect, you help ensure that future generations can enjoy the same unforgettable experiences. 

Safety on the River  

Rivers like the Tweed, Annan, Nith, and Esk can rise quickly after rain and become powerful. Always wear a lifejacket when wading or fishing from a boat, and use a wading staff for stability. Felt-soled or studded wading boots provide grip but take care on slippery stones. Check river levels before heading out, and if in doubt, stay close to the bank.  

The Law and Seasons  

Scottish salmon fishing is strictly regulated and it is illegal to fish for Salmon in Scotland on a Sunday. Each river has its own close seasons, rules, and permit system, which must be followed at all times. Rod licences are not required in Scotland but permits from river boards or beat owners are compulsory. Fishing without one is illegal. Most rivers now operate mandatory catch-and-release policies for all or part of the season to protect stocks.  

Catch and Release  

Handle salmon with the utmost care. Use barbless or crimped hooks to make unhooking easier. Keep the fish in the water at all times if possible, supporting it gently until it swims away. Avoid squeezing the fish or touching the gills. A quick photo can be taken but always prioritise the salmon’s survival over a picture.  

River Etiquette  

Salmon fishing has a strong tradition of etiquette. Respect other rods on the beat, rotate pools in turn, and follow the instructions of the ghillie. Do not cast over another angler or enter a pool without permission. Courtesy ensures everyone enjoys their day on the river. Respect private land and follow the Scottish Outdoor Access Code when crossing to water.  

Biosecurity and Conservation  

Invasive species such as signal crayfish, non-native plants, or parasites can threaten fragile river ecosystems. Always follow “Check, Clean, Dry” guidance:  

  • Check gear, clothing, and nets for mud, plant material, or organisms.  
  • Clean thoroughly with hot water or disinfectant.  
  • Dry completely before moving to another water.  
  • Never transfer live fish between rivers and never discard bait or waste into the water.  

Local Organisations and Guidance  

For detailed conservation and river information, the following organisations are invaluable:  

  • Tweed Foundation – www.tweedfoundation.org.uk  
  • River Annan Trust – www.riverannan.org  
  • Nith Catchment Fishery Trust – www.river-nith.com  
  • Esk District Salmon Fishery Board – www.esksalmonfisheryboard.co.uk  

By following local rules and advice, you are directly supporting the protection of these iconic fish.  

Why Responsible Fishing Matters  

Atlantic salmon populations face global pressures, from climate change to habitat loss. By fishing responsibly—releasing fish safely, keeping rivers clean, and respecting access—you become part of the solution. Every angler has a role to play in safeguarding these rivers.  

Salmon fishing in the South of Scotland is about more than just the thrill of a take. It is about being part of a living tradition, connected to centuries of history and to the ongoing story of conservation. By fishing safely and responsibly, you help ensure that this story continues long into the future.